تغییرات بیوشیمیایی و فعالیت برخی آنزیم‌های مهارکننده ROS در پاسخ به تنش شوری در گیاه کینوا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

3 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: کینوا با نام علمی Chenopodium quinoa گیاهی هالوفیتی است که توانایی زنده ماندن در شرایط شور را دارد. در این مطالعه با بررسی پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی یک رقم تجاری و پرکاربرد کینوا نسبت به سطوح مختلف تنش شوری آب دریا اطلاعات نوینی در جهت کاهش اثرات منفی تنش شوری بر خصوصیات رشدی و عملکردی و استفاده از این اطلاعات در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی این گیاه ارائه شده است. 
مواد و روش‌ها: به‌جهت بررسی تجمع برخی اسمولیت‌­ها (گلایسین­بتائین و پرولین)، پراکسید هیدروژن (H2O2) و مالون‌دی­‌آلدئید (MDA) و فعالیت‌ برخی آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت دخیل در تنش شوری شامل کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، پلی‌فنل اکسیداز و سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز، ژنوتیپ تیتیکاکا کینوا تحت تاثیر دو سطح شوری dSm-1 9/6 و dSm-1 8/13 به‌­همراه شاهد در چهار تکرار با استفاده از آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی کشت و پس از اعمال تیمار شوری، در بازه­‌های زمانی از شش ساعت تا هشت روز، نمونه برگی تهیه شد. 
نتایج: بر اساس نتایج حاصله میزان تجمع پراکسیدهیدروژن در شوری dSm-1 8/13 به مراتب بالاتر (P ≤0.001) از dSm-1 9/6 بود. به دنبال افزایش سوپراکسیدهیدروژن و تولید ROS، میزان پراکسیداسیون لیپیدها نیز افزایش یافت و شاخص مالون­‌دی­‌آلدئید نیز در هر دو سطح شوری طی روزهای تنش افزایش (P ≤0.001) نشان داد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طور کلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که گیاه کینوا با افزایش تجمع اسمولیت­‌ها و همچنین افزایش فعالیت آنزیم­‌های آنتی­‌اکسیدان می­‌تواند از بروز تنش اکسیداتیو و ایجاد خسارت به گیاه در شرایط تنش شوری جلوگیری نماید. گیاه کینوا قادر است با فعال نمودن پاسخ­‌های بیوشیمیایی و آنزیمی با تنش شوری مقابله نموده و با برقراری هموستازی سلولی مانع خسارات بیشتر تنش شوری شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biochemical changes and activity of some ROS–scavenging enzymes in response to salt stress in quinoa

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Sanaz Ramezanpour 1
  • Hassan Soltanloo 1
  • S. Ebrahim Seifaty 2
  • Sahar S. Hosseini 3
1 Associate professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Arid Land and Desert Management, School of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
3 PhD, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is a halophyte that can survive in saline conditions. In this study, some physiological and biochemical responses of a commercial and widely used variety of quinoa to different levels of seawater salinity stress were studied and new information is provided to reduce the negative effects of salinity stress on growth and functional characteristics and to use this information in breeding programs of this plant.
Materials and Methods
In order to investigate accumulation of some osmolytes (glycine betaine and proline), the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes involved in salt stress, Titicaca genotype was cultivated under two salinity levels 6.9 dSm-1 and 13.8 dSm-1 along with the control in four repetitions. The experiment was a factorial experiment under a completely randomized design. After applying the salinity treatment, leaf samples were prepared at intervals of six hours to eight days.
Results
According to the results, hydrogen peroxide accumulation at the 13.8 dSm-1 salinity level is much higher than the 6.9 dSm-1 salinity level (P value≤0.001). Following the increase of superoxide and ROS production, the amount of lipid peroxidation also increased followed by an increase in malondialdehyde index in both salinity (P value≤0.001).
Conclusion
The results showed that quinoa can prevent oxidative stress and damage to the plant under salt stress conditions by increasing the accumulation of osmolytes and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Quinoa was able to cope with the stress by activating biochemical and enzymatic responses, and by establishing cell homeostasis, it can prevent further damage from salinity stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Proline
  • Titicaca
  • Salinity
  • Quinoa

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مجله ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی
دوره 1، شماره 1
فروردین 1403
صفحه 119-140

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