نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.
3 استاد، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.
4 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Objective
Induction of mutations using chemical and physical agents has become a widely adopted approach for improving desirable traits and generating new cultivars in ornamental plants. The flower production industry is a dynamic sector worldwide, and its growth depends on innovation and the introduction of novel varieties. Marguerite (Chrysanthemum superbum) is an important seasonal cut flower, and improving its morphophysiological traits has long attracted the attention of researchers’ attention. To investigate the effects of mutagenic agents on variation in marguerite, gamma irradiation, ethyl methane sulfonate, and sodium azide were applied, and the resulting morphological and biochemical traits were evaluated.
Materials and Methods
This study was conducted as a greenhouse experiment using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications at the Research Greenhouse of the Graduate University of Advanced Technology in Kerman, Iran. The treatments included gamma irradiation at doses of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 Gy; ethyl methane sulfonate at concentrations of 0.3, 0.7, and 1%; and sodium azide at 0.5, 1, and 5 mM. These treatments were applied to marguerite seeds to induce mutation. The collected data included morphological and biochemical characteristics, which were statistically analyzed using Excel and SPSS software.
Results
The results showed that gamma irradiation was the most efficacy at inducing changes across various traits in marguerite, with some doses, such as 300 Gy, significantly improving growth indices. Sodium azide also had notable effects on certain traits, although these were mostly observed as reductions in plant growth and development. Ethyl methane sulfonate exhibited milder effects overall; however, a concentration of 0.7% led to noticeable alterations in certain characteristics. Biochemical indicators such as pigments, flavonoids, and proteins were also affected, with both the type and concentration of the mutagen playing a critical role in the direction and magnitude of these changes. Overall, the findings suggest that mutagenic agents can effectively influence the morphophysiological and biochemical traits of marguerite. Among them, gamma irradiation proved to be the most effective and may serve as a promising strategy for increasing variability in marguerite plants.
Conclusion
The use of gamma radiation under controlled conditions can be considered a promising tool for creating morphological changes. By evaluating the stability and fixation of these changes in subsequent generations, this approach can support breeding programs aimed at developing new varieties of marguerite flowers.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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